Sunday, March 10, 2013

Part of speech


Part of speech is word group which has own function and it will be included in a sentence. It’s an essential component that must be learned for anyone who wants adept in English.
Part of speech have 8 parts :

 Adjectives (kata sifat)
Adjectives describe a noun or pronoun. They usually appear immediately before the word they describe.
The adjective questions "Which one?", "What kind?", and "How many?". Knowing these questions will help you know for sure whether any word is acting as an adjective. there are a few questions that you should memorize.
"Which one?”   : first page (first describe, the noun is page), that book (that describe, the noun is book), pink shoes (pink describe, the noun is shoes)
"What kind?"    : good boy (good describe, the noun is boy)
“How many?”   : I have seventeen box apple (seventeen describe, the noun is apple)

Adjectives are subdivided into
     1.      Quality Adjectives (sad, difficult, shy, clever, good, old, etc.)
                adjective that indicates the quality of an object
           Example :
                          I have one difficult task.
     2.      Possessive Adjectives (my, your, our, their, his, her, its.)
                 adjectives that claimed ownership of an object
           Example :
                          I like your dress
     3.      Demonstrative Adjectives (this, these, that, those.)
                  Demonstrative adjective is an adjective that describes the presence of an object
           Example :
                Demonstrative adjectives     : in this time I want to change my bad habits. (this describes, 
                                                             the object is time)
                No Demonstrative adjectives : this is my favorite shoes {this is not   describes, 
                                                              but this is word that takes the place of a noun 
                                                              (demonstrative pronouns)}
      4.     Interrogative Adjectives
            Example :
                          Interrogative Adjectives   : what station tv are you watching?
                          No Interrogative Adjectives : what are you doing here?
      5.     Quantity Adjectives
            Example :
                         There aren’t enough chairs for everyone.
      6.     Numeral Adjectives
            Example :
                          I have two books
      7.     Proper Adjectives
         Proper adjectives start with capital letters just like proper nouns. In fact, 
         proper adjectives are made from proper nouns.
           Example :
                          Nicholas Anelka is French
      8.     Distributive Adjectives
           {each (tiap-tiap, setiap, masing-masing), every (tiap-tiap, setiap),   
          either (antara,  salah satu), dan neither (tidak diantara, tidak kedua-duanya)}
            Example :
                          1.     Either my mother or my friends sweep the floor every day.
                          2.     Rina is neither smart nor stupid 
  
 Adverbs (kata keterangan)
Adverbs are describing words. Let's look at some examples of them describing verbs, adjectives, and adverbs.
Example :
1.     We will eat there. (There is an adverb describing the verb will eat)
2.     Your face is extremely red. (Extremely is an adverb describing the adjective red.)
3.     The baby crawled very slowly. (Very is an adverb describing the adverb slowly)


Verbs (kata kerja)
  
                         A verb is a word that expresses an action or a state of being.
            Example :
                        I look you at school
Nouns (kata benda)

                          Nouns are words that name people, places, things, or ideas.
           
         1.     Concrete Nouns : book, pen, table, chair, etc
                 Example :
                               I read magazine in terrace
          2.     Abstract Nouns : happiness, wisdom, sadness, courage, etc
                 Example :
                              We have the deferent argument
     
Pronouns (kata ganti)
A pronoun is a word that takes the place of a noun
Let's look at a few examples :
                (noun)                   Joana, Michael and you playing basket ball in this morning.
               (pronoun)             We playing basket ball in this morning. (pronouns)

These tables show a list of pronouns for the following types of pronouns:




 Prepositions (Kata Depan)
prepositions are words that show the relationship between a noun or a pronoun and some other word or element in the rest of the sentence.
Here is a preposition that is often used:

about, above, across, after, against, along, amid, around, as, at, before, behind, below, beneath, beside, between, beyond, but, by, despite, down, during, except, for, from, in, inside, into, like, near, of, off, on, onto, opposite, out, outside, over, past, since, through, toward, under, underneath, until, upon, with, within.
      
      Example :
                     1.      The woman at the magazine counter is buying something.
                     2.      The briefcase next to the floor belongs to the man.
                     3.      The man next to the train is the conductor.


 Conjunctions (Kata Sambung)
A conjunction is a word that joins two or more words, phrases, or clauses.
        Example :
               Two words : we can buy book and pen.
                    Phrases : go to the mall and buy bag in the shop
                    Clauses : john visited his grandpapa and he bring parcel of fruit.


       there are types of conjunctions :
              1.      Coordinating Conjunctions (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so)
                             Example :
                              Two words    : we can buy book and pen.
                               Phrases        : go to the mall and buy bag in the shop
                               Clauses        : john visited his grandpapa and he bring parcel of fruit. 

                 2.      Subordinating Conjunctions
                              Example :
                                (+)  Before she went to Jakarta, she commended her flowers to be watered.
                                (+)  We should be polite and pleasant wherever we live. 
                                (+)  Even if Bima is not qualified enough to enter the top university, he’ll 
                                        try again next year.

Interjections (Kata Seru)
An interjection is a word that shows emotion.
It is not grammatically related to the rest of the sentence.

     They can show happiness (wouhooo), sadness (awful), anger (argh!), surprise (oh my goodness), or any other emotion.
     Example :
  •   Hurray! = Hore
  •   Awful = menakutkan
  •  Bravo! = Bagus sekali!
  • Yeah! = yeah!
  • Bosh! = Omong kosong!
sumber :

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