Phrase
A group of words which are often used together and have a
particular meaning.
There are many different kinds of phrases
- Prepositional Phrases
Propositional phrases or prepositional
phrase is a phrase
consisting of a preposition and a prepositional object
(object of the preposition).
Preposition in a prepositional
object can be a noun
phrase, pronoun, or
noun phrases.
Examples :
---- I will not
obey the voices in my head."
(Bart Simpson, The Simpsons, 2000)
(Bart Simpson, The Simpsons, 2000)
---- "Above
the trees and rooftops the dingy glare of the London sky
faded upwards into weak violet heights."
(Alan Hollinghurst, The Line of Beauty. Picador, 2004)
(Alan Hollinghurst, The Line of Beauty. Picador, 2004)
---- On the counter near the stove in a silvery pan was a deep-dish pancake.
- Verb Phrases
Verb phrases or verb phrase
is a phrase made
up of the main verb plus auxiliaries, adverbs,
adverb phrases (or
clauses), propositional phrases, or object.
In this sentence, the verb phrase serves as a predicate.
Examples:
---- Ted might
drink the milk shake.
---- You must
watch this right now.
---- You can’t sing like that!
- Gerund Phrases
+ Gerunds
are words that are formed from verbs but act as nouns.
You can spot them because they will be a verb + ing
acting as a noun.
watching
is fun.
The word watch is a verb. Watching is
a verb with an -ing ending acting as a noun. It is the subject of this
sentence.
+ Phrases = These consist of a gerund and the words that modify and complement it.
Watching film Titanic is
fun.
- Participial Phrases
A word group consisting of a present
participle (also known as an -ing form) or past participle (also known
as an -en form), plus any modifiers, objects, and complements.
Examples
:
---- Here and there through the smoke, creeping
warily under the shadows of tottering walls, emerged occasional men and
women
- Infinitive Phrases
Infinitive phrases is a phrase
consisting of the infinitive and object (modifiers)
and has a role as
a noun (noun), adjectives (adjective), or adverb
(adverb) in a sentence.
Examples:
---- To
write this book must be careful !
- Appositive Phrases
Appositive phrases (phrases apposition)
is a phrase consisting
of a noun or pronoun with its
modifier works to
add information and describe the
word or phrase before.
Phrases are always located close apposition to the noun or pronoun He explained.
Type the phrase, generally also act as apposition in
a sentence.
Clause
A group of words containing a subject and a verb that is usually only part of a sentence
Example:
The men sleep.
(men (Subject) + sleep (Verb)
à S + V = Clause)
Sentence
A group of words, usually containing a verb, that
expresses a complete idea.
Example:
---- She ran like a race horse across the finish line.
---- He looked as tired as a marathon runner after a race.
Sumber
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